Breast Cancer Stage 2 Survival Rate

Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Stages

Invasive ductal carcinoma stages provide physicians with a uniform way to describe how far a patients cancer may have spread beyond its original location in a milk duct. This information can be helpful when evaluating treatment options, but it is not a prognostic indicator in and of itself. Many factors can influence a patients outcome, so the best source of information for understanding a breast cancer prognosis is always a physician who is familiar with the patients case.

Tumour Size Nodal Status And Tnm Stage

Pathologic T and N status was coded according to AJCC 4th edition for 20052008 and AJCC 6th edition for 20082015 and categorized as pT1 , pT2 , pT3 , pT4, pN0 , pN1 , pN2 , pN3 and pN+ , and combined as pT1pN0, pT2pN0, pT1-2pN+ and pT3-4pN0/+ according to Norwegian treatment guidelines. Patients receiving neoadjuvant treatment were missing pTN status. Pathologic TNM stage was categorized into I, IIA, IIB, IIIA, IIIB or IV . This was combined with a SEER summary stage variable based on clinical data when pTNM missing into a TNM stage variable .

Survival For All Stages Of Breast Cancer

Generally for women with breast cancer in England:

• Around 95 out of every 100 women survive their cancer for 1 year or more after diagnosis
• Around 85 out of every 100 women will survive their cancer for 5 years or more after diagnosis
• Around 75 out of every 100 women will survive their cancer for 10 years or more after diagnosis

Cancer survival by stage at diagnosis for England, 2019Office for National Statistics

These statistics are for net survival. Net survival estimates the number of people who survive their cancer rather than calculating the number of people diagnosed with cancer who are still alive. In other words, it is the survival of cancer patients after taking into account that some people would have died from other causes if they had not had cancer.

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A Little Bit More About Staging And Survival Rates

In general, the lower the grade of the breast cancer on diagnosis the better the prognosis rate.

Obviously if the tumor can be detected and treated before the size of 2cm and before it has affected nearby lymph nodes, then the overall survival rate is very good, as we have seen.

A recent 2012 medical study found tumor size to be a strong predictor for 15 year survival rates in both node-negative and positive groups.

Furthermore, this study shows that tumor size had a greater impact on 15 year survival in the node positive group. The research concluded that screening for more advanced stages of breast cancer could well be more beneficial than for those at an earlier stage.

Predictors For Breast Cancer Survival Rates

It has to be remembered that every single breast cancer patient has itsown , unique scenario. Thus, prognosis and breast cancer survival rates are a rough guide ONLY.

However, there are consistent predictors for breast cancer survival rates and these include:-

• The stage of breast cancer at the time of diagnosis
• The Grade of the breast cancer
• A patients age at diagnosis

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Clinical Manifestations Of Stage 4

The main classification signs of breast cancer stage 4 are its spread to remote organs or lymph nodes. The size of the tumor at this stage is no longer important moreover, it may no longer be detected at the primary site.

It is the metastases that most often develop in the liver, lungs, and bones that give information about the development of the oncological process. They are painful and cause vivid symptoms. Metastases in the liver give jaundice and increase abdominal size. Metastases in the lungs give shortness of breath, and in the bones severe pain and frequent fractures.

• severe intoxication

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What Is The Survival Rate For Stage Ii Breast Cancer

If you are diagnosed with stage II breast cancer, you have an excellent chance of being cured and living a long and healthy life. According to the Susan G. Komen Foundation, the five-year survival rate for stage II is 90-99%.

I always tell patients that there are certain things that we have to do to get the cancer treated. but overall, the goal for treatment for stage II breast cancer is to be disease-free and to live a long and healthy life afterwards and there is a very excellent chance that that can happen, says Dr. Maxwell.

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What Is The Chance I Could Die In The Next 5 Years

The average 5-year survival rate for all people with breast cancer is 89%. The 10-year rate is 83%, and the 15-year rate is 78%. If the cancer is located only in the breast , the 5-year survival rate is 99%. More than 70% of breast cancers are diagnosed at an Early Stage.

All survival statistics are primarily based on the stage of breast cancer when diagnosed. Some of the other important factors are also listed below that affect survival.

Stage 0 breast cancer can be also described as a pre-cancer. If you have DCIS you can be quite confident you will do well. DCIS does not spread to other organs. What can be concerning is when an invasive cancer grows back in the area of a prior lumpectomy for DCIS. This type of local recurrence does carry a risk to your life. Luckily, this does not happen frequently. Also, be aware that those who have had DCIS in the past are at a higher risk for developing an entirely new, invasive breast cancer. Take our video lesson on Non-Invasive DCIS to learn more.

Stage I invasive breast cancer has an excellent survival rate. The chance of dying of Stage I breast cancer within five years of diagnosis is 1 to 5% if you pursue recommended treatments.

Stage II breast cancer is also considered an early stage of breast cancer. There is a slightly increased risk to your life versus a Stage I breast cancer. Altogether, the risk of Stage II breast cancer threatening your life in the next 5 years is about 15%.

Better Support During Radiation Treatment Improves Breast And Lung Cancer Survival Rates For Black And White Women

• Tags:White, Black/African-American, Whole-Breast External Radiation, Preparing for/Undergoing Radiation, Planning/Considering Radiation, Radiation After Surgery , Radiation to the Breast, Early-stage: Stage IIB, Early-stage: Stage IIA, Early-stage: Stage IB, Early-stage: Stage IA, and Early-stage: Stage 0 â DCIS

Identifying and offering solutions for obstacles that kept people from completing radiation therapy for early-stage breast cancer and lung cancer improved outcomes and seemed to eliminate the difference in 5-year survival rates between Black and white people, according to the ACCURE study.

The research was presented on Oct. 25, 2021, at the 2021 American Society for Radiation Oncology Annual Meeting. Read the abstract of Overall Survival From a Prospective Multi-Institutional Trial to Resolve Black-White Disparities in the Treatment of Early Stage Breast and Lung Cancer.

The 5-year survival rate means the percentage of people who were alive 5 years after diagnosis, whether or not the cancer came back.

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Age At The Time Of Diagnosis Affects Breast Cancer Survival Rates

It has always been known that curiously, young women have a poorer prognosis than older ones

Indeed, one cohort study examined 4,453 women with breast cancer between 1961 and 1991 who were all treated at the same center.

This study found that both ends of the age spectrum fared less well. So, women under the age of 40 years at diagnosis and those over 80 years had a statistically poorer prognosis.

However, for younger women, this may be due to the fact that they often present with higher-grade tumors that tend to be more aggressive and less likely to be hormone receptor-positive. This means that breast cancer may not respond as well to treatment.

So, it is important to bear in mind other factors discussed in this post, such as stage, grade and hormone receptor status play an important role in prognosis.

How A Breast Cancers Stage Is Determined

Your pathology report will include information that is used to calculate the stage of the breast cancer that is, whether it is limited to one area in the breast, or it has spread to healthy tissues inside the breast or to other parts of the body. Your doctor will begin to determine this during surgery to remove the cancer and look at one or more of the underarm lymph nodes, which is where breast cancer tends to travel first. He or she also may order additional blood tests or imaging tests if there is reason to believe the cancer might have spread beyond the breast.

The breast cancer staging system, called the TNM system, is overseen by the American Joint Committee on Cancer . The AJCC is a group of cancer experts who oversee how cancer is classified and communicated. This is to ensure that all doctors and treatment facilities are describing cancer in a uniform way so that the treatment results of all people can be compared and understood.

In the past, stage number was calculated based on just three clinical characteristics, T, N, and M:

• the size of the cancer tumor and whether or not it has grown into nearby tissue
• whether cancer is in the lymph nodes
• whether the cancer has spread to other parts of the body beyond the breast

Numbers or letters after T, N, and M give more details about each characteristic. Higher numbers mean the cancer is more advanced. Jump to more detailed information about the TNM system.

Jump to a specific breast cancer stage to learn more:

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What Are The Stages Of Breast Cancer

Staging system

The most widely used system in the U.S. is the American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM system. Medical professionals developed a new eighth edition of this staging system for 2018 that includes results of testing for certain biomarkers, including the HER2 protein, estrogen receptor , and progesterone , and the results of gene expression assays, in addition to the factors described below.

Besides the information gained from the imaging tests, this system also uses the results from surgical procedures. After surgery, a pathologist looks at the cells from the breast cancer as well as from the lymph nodes. They incorporate this information into the staging, as it tends to be more accurate than the physical exam and X-ray findings alone.

The TNM system uses letters and numbers to describe certain tumor characteristics in a uniform manner. This allows healthcare providers to stage cancer and aids communication among healthcare providers. The following is an abbreviated example of the TNM staging system.

T: This describes the size of the tumor. A number from 0 to 4 follows. Higher numbers indicate a larger tumor or greater spread:

• T1: Tumor is 2 cm or less across
• T2: Tumor is 2 cm-5 cm
• T3: Tumor is more than 5 cm
• T4: Tumor of any size growing into the chest wall or skin

N: This describes the spread to lymph nodes near the breast. A number from 0 to 3 follows.

M: This letter is followed by a 0 or 1, indicating whether cancer has spread to other organs.

Relative Survival By Stage At Diagnosis

Introduction:

This measure comprises national data on relative survival by stage at diagnosis for invasive female breast cancer.

Stage at diagnosis indicates the extent to which a cancer has spread at diagnosis. It is an important prognostic factor for cancer outcomes. It also provides contextual information for interpreting cancer outcomes, including survival, at a population level.1

Relative survival refers to the probability of being alive for a given amount of time after diagnosis, compared with survival of the general population. Observed survival refers to the overall proportion of people who are alive following a specified amount of time after diagnosis of cancer. In this report, survival refers to relative survival unless otherwise stated. Examining survival by stage at diagnosis provides insights into how survival outcomes differ depending on extent of cancer spread at diagnosis.

To provide a better understanding of cancer stage at diagnosis at the population-level, Business Rules were developed to collect national data on Registry-derived stage at diagnosis using data sources that are routinely accessible to all population-based cancer registries. RD-stage is defined for invasive tumours only. More information on the capture and distribution of RD-stage at diagnosis can be accessed through the following measures:

• Distribution of cancer stage

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Oncogene Expression May Negatively Affect Breast Cancer Outcome

A relatively new addition to the discussion of breast cancer survival statistics and prognosis is oncogene expression.

An oncogene is a tiny fragment of genetic material which is carried in a chromosome and can cause normal cells to become malignant.

The oncogene HER-2, in particular, has been linked to more aggressive breast cancers.

Around one-third of all breast tumours produce the HER-2 oncogene, and these patients tend to have higher rates of recurrence and lower overall breast cancer survival rates.

According to a 2013 Canadian scientific study, the overall 5-year survival rate of HER-2 positive breast cancer is 88.6%. Furthermore, the relapse-free survival rate for 5 years is 79.4%.

Examples Of Rates Versus Numbers

Say, town A has a population of 100,000 and town B has a population of 1,000. Over a year, say there are 100 breast cancer deaths in town A and 100 breast cancer deaths in town B.

The number of breast cancer deaths in each town is the same. However, many more people live in town A than live in town B. So, the mortality rates are quite different.

In town A, there were 10 breast cancer deaths among 100,000 people. This means the mortality rate was less than 1 percent .

In town B, the mortality rate was 10 percent .

Although the number of deaths was the same in town A and town B, the mortality rate was much higher in town B than in town A .

Lets look at another example. In 2021, its estimated among women there will be :

• 100 breast cancer deaths in Washington, D.C.
• 720 breast cancer deaths in Alabama
• 4,730 breast cancer deaths in California

Of the 3, California has the highest number of breast cancers. However, that doesnt mean it has the highest breast cancer rate. These numbers dont take into account the number of women who live in each state. Fewer women live in Alabama and Washington, D.C. than live in California.

Other factors may vary by state as well, such as the age and race/ethnicity of women. So, to compare breast cancer mortality rates, we need to look at mortality rates.

In 2021, the estimated mortality rates are :

• 26 per 100,000 women in Washington, D.C.
• 22 per 100,000 women in Alabama 22
• 19 per 100,000 women in California 20

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Er Pr Her2 And Ihc Subtypes

Information on ER, PR and HER2 status was obtained from pathology reports for the whole study period . From 2005 to January 2010, tumours were classified as ER negative if < 10% ER expression, and from February 2010 onwards if < 1% ER expression. PR-negative tumours were defined as < 10% PR expression throughout the study period. HER2 expression was routinely assessed with IHC and verified with in situ hybridization if the IHC results were borderline. We created six IHC subtypes: ER+PR+HER2, ER+PRHER2, ER+PR+HER2+, ER+PRHER2+, ERPRHER2+ and ERPRHER2 . Women with the rarer combinations ERPR+HER2 or ERPR+HER2+ were set to missing in the analysis . In total, n =21,786 women had known IHC subtype, while n =2351 women lacked information on ER, PR or HER2 status .

Table 1 Clinicopathologic characteristics by IHC subtype for women with invasive breast cancer, Norway 20052015 age 2074 years

Questions To Ask A Healthcare Professional

Here are some questions to ask a healthcare professional about a stage 2 breast cancer diagnosis:

• Is the cancer stage 2A or 2B? How will this affect the treatment and outlook?
• If the cancer has spread, where has it spread to, and what does this mean for my treatment and outlook?
• What other tests might I need?
• Do I need to talk to more doctors or other healthcare professionals?
• Are there any special characteristics about the cancer, such as HR and HER2 status, and what do these mean?
• What are my long-term outlook and estimated chances of survival based on what we know now?
• How can I obtain a copy of my pathology report?
• Are there any ways to help cover the costs of diagnosis and treatment?

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What Does It Mean To Have Stage 2 Breast Cancer

Stage 2 means the breast cancer is growing, but it is still contained in the breast or growth has only extended to the nearby lymph nodes.

This stage is divided into groups: Stage 2A and Stage 2B. The difference is determined by the size of the tumor and whether the breast cancer has spread to the lymph nodes.

For Stage 2 breast cancer, chemotherapy is usually done first, followed by surgery and radiation therapy.

Extracellular Vesicles Isolation Purification And Characterization

For extracellular vesicles purification from cell culture supernatants, cells were plated at a density of 3 million per 10cm plate and cultured in extracellular vesicles-depleted medium for 48-72h. The culture media from 10 plates were pooled and subjected to sequential centrifugation steps: 300×g for 5min at room temperature to remove floating, 2000×g for 15min at 4°C to remove dead cells, 16,000g for 45min at 4°C to separate microvesicles, the supernatants were then centrifuged twice at 100,000×g at 4°C for 2h as described previously. In each extracellular vesicles/vesicles preparation, the concentration of total proteins was quantified by BCA Protein Assay Kit .

For purification of circulating extracellular vesicles by differential centrifugation, venous citrated blood from breast cancer patients or healthy donors was centrifuged at 1500g for 20min at room temperature to obtain cell-free plasma. Then, 1ml of the obtained plasma was centrifuged at 16,000g for 45min at 4°C to separate microvesicles. The collected supernatants were then centrifuged at 100,000g for 2h at 4°C to pellet the extracellular vesicles. In each extracellular vesicles/vesicles preparation, the concentration of total proteins was quantified by BCA Protein Assay Kit .

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